Dr. Baba Saheb Ambedkar and May Day

Dr. Baba Saheb Ambedkar and May Day Dr Baba Saheb Ambedkar had played an important in the labour movement in India being a part of labourers of India. His roll in labour welfare makes an important dent in world labour movements. Historical background : May- 1 each year in celebrated world over as the “Workers Day of International Unity and Solidarity.” First May- Day was celebrated on May 1, 1890, after it was proclaimed by the first international congress of Socialist Parties held in Europe on July 14, 1889, in Paris, France to dedicate that day to Labour rights. Earlier to it the American Federation Organised Trades and Labour Unions to demand an eight-hour workday in 1884 against prevailing 15-16 hours working time. This resulted in the general strike and the Haymarket (in Chicago) Riot of 1886. The police fired on peaceful demonstrators on 3rd May, when one died and several got injured. When many workers and leaders departed peacefully, police intervened, ordered quick dispersal of participants. Someone (never identified properly) from the crowd hurled a grenade. The police contingent present responded with random gunfire. Seven police officers were killed and 60 others wounded before the violence ended. The civilian casualties were estimated at four to eight dead and 30 to 40 injured. However, the official sanction was accorded for the eight-hour workday. Labour Day in India:The first May Day in India was organised in Madras (now Chennai) by the political party “Labour Kisan Party of Hindustan” on May 1, 1923. The party was formed by Comrade M. Singaravelu Chettiar(1860-1946),who was first left thinker of India. On this day for the first time “Red Flag” was used in India. The day is tied to labour movements for communist and socialist political parties. May Day is a public holiday in several countries including India. In India it is celebrated as Antarrashtriya Shramik Diwas (International Labour Day). Besides communist with labour leaders many have sincerely worked for labour empowerment in India. Among these good-hearted leaders Dr Baba Saheb B. R. Ambedkar shines as polar star. Dr Baba Saheb B. R. Ambedkar actually took over (telegraphically) a member of Indian Viceroy’s Council on 20th July,1942 and not on 2 July 1942, the day of his appointment. This delay was due to his engagements with dissolving IPL and launching his new political party the “ Scheduled Castes Federation” at Nagpur. He addressed on 18-20 July over 90,000 participants having 20,000 women delegates from all over India. He took over as Labour Member (Minister) with responsibilities of Labour, CPWD and Constructions departments and continued as such till Mid- June 1946. Baba Saheb presided 4,5,6,7th Labour conferences in Delhi between August 1942 to 27-28 November 1945 and succeeded in bringing sea change in labour welfare means. It is rightly said if there was any person who secured the majority rights to Laborers in India, the person was none other than “Father of Modern India” & Revolutionary Dr Babasaheb Ambedkar. Without Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar, today the future of India Labourers would have been in pitch darkness. He is the only leader in India who was multi-dimensional qualities as a great visionary academician economist, politician, law councillor, historian, anthropologist besides possessed vision of a caste visor . After all he was born in the land of the most congenital casteist nation we know as “India”. The staunch upper castes gave him worst low caste troubles and later mostly avoided to give credit to Dr. Ambedkar's contribution in building this great nation which today is one of the developing economies of the world. Thanks to his robust economic policies which have saved India even in the times of great Economic Depressions. Be it the founding guidelines of the RBI or the Principles of Free Trade, Dr. Ambedkar has given all the best to our Nation in all spheres. Even the Reserve Bank (RBI) of India was conceptualised in accordance with the guidelines presented by Dr Ambedkar to the Hilton Young Commission (also known as Royal Commission on Indian Currency and Finance) based on his book, “ The Problem of the Rupee – Its Origin and Its Solution”. This book earned Dr Baba Saheb world’s highest academic economic degree DSc. His mind on labour laws was summed up by his biographer D. Keer (page,1971-374) For Ambedkar, “three things were necessary to mitigate or prevent industrial disorder, namely, a machinery for conciliation; secondly, an amendment of the Trade Disputes Act; and thirdly, minimum wage legislation”. Dr Baba Saheb worked on these lines and resolved during his times many issues confronting labour and for unresolved matters he put these in motion on well thought labour welfare process. In free India as Father of Indian Constitution Dr Baba Saheb Ambedkar laid a strong of labour welfare foundation of equal pay for equal work through the preamble and article 14,16,39. Further Article 21 promises protection of life and personal liberty, Article 23 prohibits forced labour whereas Article 24 prohibits employment of children below the age of fourteen years. Article 39(a) provides that the State shall secure to its citizens equal right to an adequate means of livelihood. Here is some piece of valuable information to share about Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar did for Labourers as a Labour leader and as the Labour Member of the Viceroy’s Executive Council between 1942 and 1946. Many rules took shape later and with enactment of Indian Constitution on the seeds Dr Ambedkar planted. Brilliant contributions by Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar for labour and mass welfare. • Reduction in Factory Working Hours (8 hours duty) : Before enactment of Code on Social Security, 2020, the working hours in India per day was about 8 hours. Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar was the Saviour of Labours in India. He worked to bring 8 hours duty in India and to get changed the working time from 14-16 hours to 8 hours work . Earlier to Dr. Ambedkar, Narayan Meghaji Lokhande (1848–1897) a Dalit and long associate of Mahatma Phuley had struggled hard to get Sunday holiday in 1889. He was the father of trade union movement in India. This had lightened working for workers in India. Dr. Ambedkar highlighted many labours welfare means in the5th,6th, 7th sessions of Indian Labour Conference in New Delhi. Many approvals were also approved and forwarded to government for framing appropriate laws. • Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar also framed many laws for Women Labours in India, this included moving in the Parliament “ Hindu Code Bill” . • Mines Maternity Benefit Act, • Women Labour welfare fund, • Women and Child, Labour Protection Act, • Maternity Benefit for women Labour, • Restoration of Ban on Employment of Women on Underground Work in Coal Mines, • Indian Factory Act. • National Employment Agency (Employment Exchange): Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar was instrumental in bringing the establishment of employment exchanges. He created employment exchanges in India as the Labour member in Provincial government in British India after the end of 2nd world, so also the tripartite mechanism of settling Labour issues through trade unions, Labours and the government representatives and introducing skill development initiative in the government sector. Due to his relentless efforts ‘National Employment Agency was created. • Employees State Insurance (ESI): ESI helps the workers with medical care, medical leave, physically disabled during working injuries as compensation Insurance for providing various facilities. Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar enacted and brought it for the benefit of workers. Actually, India only brought ‘Insurance Act’ as the first nation among the East Asian countries. Credit goes to Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar. • The original source of reference for all the 13 Finance Commission reports, in a way, are based on Dr. Ambedkar’s Ph. D thesis, "The Evolution of Provincial Finance in British India", written in 1923. • India’s Water Policy and Electric Power Planning: The policy formulation and planning for the development of irrigation and electric power was the major concern. It was the Labour Department under the guidance of Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar, who decided to establish "Central Technical Power Board" (CTPB) for power system development, hydro power station sites, hydro-electric surveys, analysing problems of electricity generation and thermal power station investigation. Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar emphasized on the significance and need for the “Grid System”, which is still working successfully even today. If today power engineers are going abroad for training, the credit goes to Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar again, who as a leader of Labour Department formulated policy to train the best engineers-overseas. It is a matter of shame that nobody credits Dr. baba Saheb Ambedkar for the role he played in India’s water policy and electric power planning. [For more about ‘India’s Water Policy and Electric Power Planning’, Refer: Dr. Ambedkar’s Role in Economic Planning Water and Power Policy by Sukhadeo Thorat]. • Dearness Allowance (DA) to Workers. • Leave Benefit to Piece Workers. • Revision of Scale of Pay for Employees. • Coal and Mica Mines Provident Fund: At the time, Coal Industry played a vital role in our country’s economy. Due to this, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar enacted the Coal Mines Safety (Stowing) Amendment Bill for the benefit of the workers on January 31st, 1944. On 8th April 1946, he brought the Mica Mines Labour Welfare Fund which helped the workers with housing, water supply, education, entertainment, co- operative arrangements. • Labour Welfare Funds: Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar set up an Advisory Committee to advise on matters arising out of the Labour Welfare under B P Agarkar. Later he promulgated it on January, 1944. • Post War Economic Planning: When 2nd World war ended, there were many challenges for India, such as re-establishing the economy; including improvement in agriculture, development of industries, rehabilitation and re- deployment of defence services etc. For this, the Reconstruction Committee of Council (RCC) was established. Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar was a member of RCC and was assigned the role of the President of "Policy Committee for Irrigation and Power" of great significance but less well known among Dr. Ambedkar's contribution to the nation was his direct participation in the formulation of objective and strategy of post-war economic plan & planned development of water and electric power resources in the country. Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar was directly involved in framing of the objective and strategy of economic planning and water and electric power policy though he made a substantial contribution to the economic planning and water and electric power resource development in this position, surprisingly, this aspect of his contribution has hardly been studied. [For more about ‘Post War Economic Planning’ Refer: Dr. Ambedkar’s Role in Economic Planning Water and Power Policy by Sukhadeo Thorat]. • Indian Statistical Law: In 1942, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar passed the Indian Statistical Act. Later D K Paisendry (Former Deputy Principal, Information Officer, Government of India) said in his book, without Dr. Ambedkar’s Indian Statistical Act he could not formulated the Labour conditions, their wage rates, other Income, Inflation, debt, housing, employment, deposits and other funds, labour disputes. • The Indian Trade Unions (Amendment) Bill: Indian Labour Act was enacted in 1926 . This only helped to register the trade unions. But it was not approved by the government. On 8 November, 1943 he brought the Indian Trade Unions (Amendment) Bill for Compulsory recognition of trade unions. • Creator of Damodar valley project, Hirakund project, The Sone River valley project: Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar who started and Plan outlined, on the lines of the Tennessee Valley project, the Damodar Valley project. Not only Damodar Valley Project but also Hirakud project, The Sone River valley project were outlined by him. In 1945, under the chairmanship of Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar, then Member of Labour, it was decided to invest in the potential benefits of controlling the Mahanadi for multi- purpose use. But almost were hiding and wrongly been attributed entirely to Nehru’s vision for industrialization through multipurpose river valley projects. It was Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar who in fact, as the then Member for Labour in the Viceroy’s Council, played the most central role in introducing large dam technologies into India . If you ask any school going child, where Damodar Valley, Hira Kund and the Sone River Valley projects are, and who inaugurated these projects, they will tell you the names of Nehru-Gandhi family, although they have nothing to do with these projects. (Check out the wiki page giving details that Jawaharlal Nehru, Prime Minister of India, Dr. B.C. Roy, Chief Minister of West Bengal and Sri Krishna Sinha, Chief Minister of Bihar, took personal interest to ensure early success of the project. Students are taught in schools about these projects but miss a word about Dr. Ambedkar’s prominent role and contribution towards all these projects. Since 1930 emphasis has been increasingly placed on engineering practices, on the hydrological unity of a river basin on treating the basin as the unit of development of its water resources. Credit for multipurpose project (irrigation and generating electric power together) goes to Irrigation and Power Department, under the leadership of Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar during1942-46. Keeping in view the enhanced magnitude of such projects, it was keenly felt that the technical expert bodies available then, at the centre weren’t adequate. Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar approved the Central Water way and Irrigation Commission (CWINC) in March 1944, and subsequently by the Viceroy on April 4, 1945. Thus Dr. Babasaheb helped build a strong technical organization for the development of India. If our houses are illuminated and if our fields are green, it’s because of Dr. Ambedkar’s stellar role in the planning of these projects, on which rests a major part of India’s economy today. If there is such a concept as water-management and development in India, then the credit goes to Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar for ably using the natural resources to serve India. If it was not for Dr. Ambedkar’s vision, one can imagine the situation of electric supply, irrigation and development of India. [For more, Refer: Dr. Ambedkar’s Role in Economic Planning Water and Power Policy by Sukhadeo Thorat]. • Health Insurance Scheme. • Provident Fund Act. • Factory Amendment Act. • Labor Disputes Act. • Minimum wage. • The Legal Strike. Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar believe that caste is not merely the division of Labour but division of labourers based upon the graded inequality. Further in his “Annihilation of Caste’, Volume - I, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Writing and Speeches”.In no other country is the division of Labour accompanied by this gradation of labourers. There is also a third point of criticism against this view of the Caste System. This division of labour is not spontaneous; it is not based on natural aptitudes. Social and individual efficiency requires us to develop the capacity of an individual to the point of competency to choose and to make his own career. This principle is violated in the Caste System in so far as it involves an attempt to appoint tasks to individuals in advance, selected not on the basis of trained original capacities, but on that of the social status of the parents. Looked at from another point of view this stratification of occupations which is the result of the caste System is positively pernicious. Industry is never static. It undergoes rapid and abrupt changes. With such changes an individual must be free to change his occupation. Without such freedom to adjust himself to changing circumstances it would be impossible for him to have gains in his livelihood earning. Now the Caste System will not allow Hindus to take to occupations where they are wanted, if they do not belong to them by heredity. If a Hindu is seen to starve rather than take to new occupations not assigned to his Caste, the reason is to be found in the Caste System. By not permitting readjustment of occupations, caste becomes a direct cause of much of the unemployment we see in the country. As a form of division of labour, the Caste system suffers from another serious defect. The division of labour brought about by the Caste System is not a division based on choice. Individual sentiment, individual preference has no place in it. It is based on the dogma of predestination.” Dated 30-4-2022 Er. H. R. Phonsa Words:2679. References::- * Volume 10 – Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar as member of the Governor-General’s Executive Council (1942-46). * A Tamil article by Tamilmaraiyan. * Dr. Ambedkar’s Role in Economic Planning Water and Power Policy by Sukhadeo Thorat. * Volume 1 - Annihilation of Caste by Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Compiled & Edited By CBA (Channel Babasaheb Ambedkar) Community Media

जानिए कैसे अम्बेडकर अद्वितीय विश्व व्यक्तित्व हैं।

जानिए कैसे अम्बेडकर अद्वितीय विश्व व्यक्तित्व हैं। (14 अप्रैल, 2022 को पड़ने वाली डॉ बाबा साहेब अम्बेडकर की 131वीं जयंती पर श्रद्धा के साथ)। द्वारा:- इ. हेम राज फौंसा (जम्मू) संपर्क करें: hrphonsa@gmail.com और 09419134060 बुद्ध पूर्णिमा वैशाख (विक्रमी संवत का दूसरा महीना) के महीने की पूर्णिमा को मनाई जाती है जो आम तौर पर हर साल अप्रैल-मई के महीने में आती है। भारत रत्न डॉ. अम्बेडकर का जन्म 14 अप्रैल, 1891 (मंगलवार) को महू मिलिट्री छावनी (अब अम्बेडकर नगर) वर्तमान मध्य प्रदेश में हुआ था। कई लोगों ने उनके जन्मदिन पर उनके जीवन भर की उपलब्धियों के लिए उनके प्रशंसकों द्वारा बॉम्बे में आयोजित जन्मदिन समारोह में शामिल होने से इनकार कर दिया। लेकिन बड़े क्षेत्रों में डॉ. बाबा साहब के योगदान का विश्‍वसनीय विश्‍लेषण करने पर अब दुनिया भर में लाखों लोग इस दिन को उल्‍लास और श्रद्धा के साथ मनाने के लिए साल भर इंतजार करते रहते हैं। वह हिंदू धर्म पदानुक्रम की एक अछूत जाति महार के थे। आंबेडकर पूज्य रामजी मालोगी सखपाल और भीमाबाई की 14वीं संतान (रत्न) थे। उनके पूर्वज सेना में सेवा करते थे। उनके दादा श्री मालोजी सकपाल ईस्ट इंडिया कंपनी की बॉम्बे आर्मी से हवलदार के रूप में सेवानिवृत्त हुए और उन्हें युद्ध के मैदान में उनकी बहादुरी के लिए जमीन का एक टुकड़ा दिया गया। उनके पिता ने आर्मी स्कूल में हेडमास्टर के रूप में काम किया और सूबेदार मेजर के पद से सेवानिवृत्त हुए। भीमराव अम्बेडकर भी पारिवारिक परंपरा को बनाए रखने के लिए एक संक्षिप्त अवधि के लिए बड़ौदा राज्य सेना में लेफ्टिनेंट के रूप में शामिल हुए। जब निष्पक्ष भारत ने डॉ बाबा साहब की योग्यता का मूल्यांकन किया, तो देश के राजनीतिक प्रबंधकों ने उन्हें 1990 में भारत के सर्वोच्च नागरिक पुरस्कार भारत रत्न (मरणोपरांत) से सम्मानित किया। कनाडा , बर्नाबी शहर के माइक हर्ले , मेयर ने 14 अप्रैल को शहर में हर साल " डॉ बी. आर. अंबेडकर समानता दिवस” वार्षिक उत्सव मन्नाने कि मंजूरी दी। डॉ. बाबा साहब डॉ. भीमराव रामजी अम्बेडकर एक भारतीय विधिवेत्ता, दार्शनिक, मानव-विज्ञानी, बौद्ध कार्यकर्ता, क्रांतिकारी राजनीतिज्ञ, लेखक और मानव निर्मित असमानताओं के खिलाफ अथक सेनानी थे। वह दो आर्थिक डॉक्टरेट पीएच.डी. (कोलंबिया) डी.एससी. (यूके) के साथ दुनिया के शीर्ष अर्थशास्त्री थे। डॉ. बाबा साहब एक विधिवेत्ता थे, जिन्होंने ग्रेज़- इन (लंदन) से अपना बार-एट-लॉ अर्जित किया, जहां वे केवल भारतीय हैं जिनका पोर्ट्रेट (चित्र) प्रदर्शित किया गया है और उनके नाम के बाद परिसर में एक कमरे का अनावरण किया गया है। वह एक समाज विज्ञानी और महिलाओं सहित कमजोर, वंचित मानवता के मुक्तिदाता भी थे। वह भारतीय राजनीतिक हवाओं के खिलाफ रवाना हुए और फिर भी जीत गए। डॉ. अम्बेडकर महिलाओं के अलावा गरीबों, वंचितों, अछूतों के अधिकारों के लिए अथक सेनानी और निडर योद्धा के रूप में एक मिशन के पर्याय बन गए। उन्होंने एक चुने हुए कारण के लिए सर्वोच्च बलिदान देने से कभी नहीं कतराते। उनकी जमीन का पदानुक्रम कानून, सामाजिक सहानुभूति और अछूतों की निरक्षरता उनके खिलाफ थी, फिर भी वह उन सभी में क्रांतिकारी बदलाव लाने के लिए जीत गए। उन्होंने 18 घंटे काम किया और कभी-कभी वह केवल पके हुए ब्रेड के टुकड़े पर रहता था। जिस दिन उनके छोटे बेटे की मृत्यु हुई, वह आर.टी.सी में भाग लेने के लिए लंदन के लिए घर से निकल गए। केवल वही थे, जो अपने बेटे के अंतिम संस्कार में शामिल हुए बिना भी जहाज पर सवार हो सकते थे। वह केवल अपने समाज के भविष्य की रक्षा के लिए लंदन के लिए रवाना हुए ब्रिटिश सरकार ने स्वतंत्रता मिलने पर, स्वतंत्र भारत के भविष्य के संविधान में हिंदू अछूतों के हितों की रक्षा के लिए सुरक्षा दिशानिर्देशों को आगे बढ़ाने के लिए आर.टी.सी में भाग लेने के लिए अन्य लोगों के साथ अछूतों के प्रतिनिधियों को आमंत्रित किया था। डॉ. अम्बेडकर, जिन्होंने दुनिया के सबसे खराब वित्तीय संकट और अपने ही धर्म की नफरत का सामना किया था, ने 1930-31 के प्रथम गोलमेज सम्मेलन में अपने सबसे प्रभावशाली भाषण के कारण विश्व राय को आकर्षित किया। एक अछूत महार, जिसे सबसे ज्यादा जरूरत पड़ने पर पानी और आश्रय से वंचित कर दिया गया था, बर्मा के साथ ब्रिटिश सरकार, ब्रिटिश शासित भारत (पाकिस्तान पूर्व, पश्चिम शामिल) के लगभग 150 (प्रथम आर.टी.सी) सर्वश्रेष्ठ दिमागों ने सुना था। आर.टी.सी में बड़ी संख्या में विश्व प्रेस प्रतिनिधि भी उपस्थित थे। डॉ बाबा साहेब अम्बेडकर ने अपनी कड़ी मेहनत वा शिक्षा और सुपर इंटेलिजेंस मानसिक शक्ति के आधार पर ऐतिहासिक गौरव अर्जित किया "एक अछूत, एक राजकुमार और एक शूरवीर के साथ रोटी तोड़ो", जो पहले कभी नहीं हुआ था। बड़ौदा के सर सयाजीराव गायकवाड़ I महाराजा ने उन्हें अपने लंदन आवास पर एक शानदार शाही डिनर पार्टी में बुलाया। कई अन्य भारतीय राजाओं को भी आमंत्रित किया गया था। महाराजा ने अपनी आँखों में खुशी के आँसू के साथ डॉ. अम्बेडकर को अपनी रानी से मिलवाया "आज के वक्ता (अम्बेडकर) पर मैंने जो प्रयास और पैसा खर्च किया है, वह सब साकार हो गया"। यह एक उपलब्धि थी, एक शानदार सफलता। विश्व प्रेस ने इस भाषण को प्रथम आर.टी.सी में बोलने वाले अन्य सभी भाषणों में से सर्वश्रेष्ठ और सबसे प्रभावशाली के रूप में मूल्यांकन किया। बाबा साहब ने तीनों आर.टी.सी में भाग लिया और अपने लोगों के लिए "द्वंद्व मतदान अधिकार" अर्जित किया। डॉ. अम्बेडकर होने का अर्थ है अपनी मेहनत और बेदाग व्यक्तिगत चरित्र से ही विश्व स्तर पर पहचान बनाना। उनमें भीड़ में अकेले खड़े होने की ताकत थी, लेकिन उनके विरोधियों ने भी उन्हें ध्यान से सुना। सिद्धांतों पर डॉ. अम्बेडकर ने कभी भी आसानी से समझौता नहीं किया। उन्होंने अछूतों के हितों के खिलाफ बल्लेबाजी करने के लिए महात्मा गांधी का विरोध किया, जहां उनके जीवन के लक्ष्य भिन्न थे। गांधी ने भारतीय स्वतंत्रता के लिए काम किया लेकिन डॉ. अम्बेडकर ने भारतीय स्वतंत्रता के लिए अपने लोगों को उच्च जाति के हिंदुओं के अमानवीय चंगुल से मुक्त कराया। उन्होंने अछूतों को ब्रिटिश गुलामों का गुलाम बताया। फिर भी महात्मा गांधी ने एक भाषण (आउट साइड दूसरा आर टेबल कॉन्फ्रेंस) में अपने चुने हुए कारण के लिए उनकी आत्म-संयम कड़वाहट को यह कहते हुए पहचाना कि "डॉ अम्बेडकर के लिए मेरे मन में सबसे अधिक सम्मान है। उसे कड़वा होने का पूरा अधिकार है; कि वह हमारा सिर नहीं तोड़ता, यह उसकी ओर से आत्म-संयम का कार्य है।" यह गांधी थे जिन्होंने भारतीय संविधान मसौदा समिति के अध्यक्ष के लिए अपना नाम प्रस्तावित किया अन्यथा नेहरू और पटेल समर्थक नहीं थे। डॉ. अम्बेडकर द्वारा झेली गई जाति से घृणा और अपमान ने उनमें उच्च शिक्षा प्राप्त करने के लिए संघर्ष करने और अपने लोगों के खोए हुए मानवाधिकारों को वापस पाने के लिए लड़ने के लिए इसे एक उपकरण के रूप में इस्तेमाल करने की भावना पैदा की। हालाँकि उन्होंने अपने विरोधियों के साथ जातिगत घृणा के व्यवहार के लिए कभी भी पीड़ा के साथ व्यवहार नहीं किया, जिसका उन्होंने खुद सामना किया। उन्होंने भारत में नहीं बल्कि दुनिया भर में शिक्षा के शिखर को प्राप्त किया। बाद में उन्होंने सभी जातियों के लोगों के लिए गुणवत्तापूर्ण शिक्षा के रास्ते बनाए। इससे उन्हें उन लोगों के अधिकारों के लिए लड़ने का साहस मिला, जो जानवरों से भी बदतर स्तर तक गिर गए थे। बचपन में भीम को अपने घर से लाई गई बोरी की चटाई पर कक्षा के बाहर बैठकर शिक्षा प्राप्त की थी। शिक्षा अधिकारी के एक निरीक्षण दल द्वारा पूछे गए एक प्रश्न का उत्तर देते हुए, एक ऐसी वस्तु का नाम बताएं जिसे हम देख सकते हैं लेकिन छुआ नहीं जा सकता। भीम ने उत्तर दिया "उनके स्कूल का पानी का घड़ा", जो उनके लिए सबसे दूर की वस्तु थी, जिसे वे देख सकते हैं लेकिन छू नहीं सकते। साहसी भीम बाद में एम.ए, पीएचडी, डीएससी, बार-एट-लॉ, एलएलएम से लदी ताज धारण करने में सफल रहे। डी उच्चतम शैक्षणिक डिग्री माणिक। भारत के बाहर मान्यता प्राप्त होने पर उनकी बुद्धि ने इसे महत्व दिया। इसलिए हम पाते हैं कि उनके चित्र कई अंतरराष्ट्रीय, राष्ट्रीय दीवारों और पेडस्टल जैसे ग्रे इन रूम, रूसी राष्ट्रपति का कार्यालय, एलएसई लाइब्रेरी लंदन, कोलंबिया विश्वविद्यालय के संग्रहालय में से कुछ में हैं। विदेशी भूमि में उनकी दर्जनों प्रतिमाओं के अलावा। डॉ. अम्बेडकर एक बोलने वाले संग्रहालय थे, ऐसा उनके जीवनी लेखक डी. कीर ने कहा। एक बच्चा जिसके बाल प्रदूषित होने के डर से नाई काटने की हिम्मत नहीं करते, उसने अपने सम-कालीनों की तुलना में दुनिया भर में अपने स्मारकों के साथ नाम कमाया। एक छात्र जिसे अपने स्कूल शिक्षक से अंबेडकर (उनके जन्म स्थान के बाद उनका अंतिम नाम अंबावरे था) प्राप्त करने के लिए कहा गया था, अब उन्हें ज्ञान के प्रतीक के रूप में पहचाना जाता है। एक व्यक्ति, जिसके पिता को अपने बेटे के लिए किताबें खरीदने के लिए बाधाओं का सामना करना पड़ता है, बाद में भारतीय संविधान का पिता बन गया, इसके अलावा दो दर्जन से अधिक सर्वाधिक बिकने वाली पुस्तकों के लेखक और एक निजी 50,000 पुस्तकों से अधिक के पुस्तकालय के मालिक, जो एक विश्व रिकॉर्ड है। अमेरिकी राष्ट्रपति बराक ओबामा ने कहा, अगर अम्बेडकर का जन्म अमेरिका में हुआ होता तो वे उनका नाम " सूर्य" रखते। ब्रिटिश महारानी एलिजाबेथ ने कहा, "यह दुख की बात है कि महान मानव डॉ. अम्बेडकर का जन्म भारत में हुआ था, यदि वे किसी अन्य देश में पैदा होते, तो उन्हें विश्वव्यापी दुनिया में सम्मान मिलता। एक बाहरी जाति का बच्चा जिसके पिता उनके जन्म की तारीख नोट करने में विफल रहे। भीम के चाचा उन्हें 7 नवंबर 1900 को प्रवेश के लिए स्कूल ले गए, बाद में उनके स्कूल प्रवेश दिवस 7 नवंबर को महाराष्ट्र राज्य में विद्यार्थी दिवस "छात्र दिवस" के रूप में वार्षिक उत्सव का सम्मान अर्जित किया (पी.टी.आई मुंबई नवंबर। 5 2017) डॉ अम्बेडकर एक आजीवन छात्र, जिन्होंने जीवन भर सीखने के लिए अपनी रुचि पैदा की थी, ने 7 नवंबर 1900 को राज्य के सतारा जिले के प्रताप सिंह हाई स्कूल में क्रम संख्या '1914' पर अपने पहले स्कूल में प्रवेश किया। ऐसा उनके नाम के आगे उनके हस्ताक्षर के साथ स्कूल रजिस्टर में लिखा भारत में स्वतंत्रता सितारों की एस आकाशगंगा में डॉ बाबा साहब ने अपने आप को "ध्रुवीय सितारा" साबित किया और अपने देश की स्वतंत्रता के अलावा, उन्होंने 15% (भारत के कुछ हिस्सों में 25% से अधिक) भारतीय आबादी की मुक्ति के लिए काम किया, जिनका हिंदू धर्म में शोषण किया गया था। कोलंबिया विश्वविद्यालय (यू.एस.ए), जिसने 95 नोबल पुरस्कार विजेताओं का उत्पादन किया है, ने "दुनिया को बदलने वाले व्यक्तियों" के 250 वर्षों (2004) के लिए अपने एलुमियो की एक सूची तैयार की और क्रम संख्या " एक" पर डॉ बाबा साहेब अम्बेडकर का नाम घोषित किया। (संदर्भ: फॉरवर्ड प्रेस जनवरी 1, 2013, अम्बेडकर: कोलंबिया विश्वविद्यालय के पूर्व छात्रों के बीच सबसे बड़ा विश्व परिवर्तक) भारत अपने संप्रभु, धर्मनिरपेक्ष, समाजवादी, लोकतांत्रिक संविधान को लिखने, समानता (स्थिति, पूजा, पदोन्नति, पूजा, अवसर), न्याय, (सामाजिक, राजनीतिक और आर्थिक), स्वतंत्रता (हालांकि, अभिव्यक्ति, विश्वास, विश्वास और पूजा) हमारे राष्ट्र की राष्ट्रीय एकता और अखंडता के लिए सभी नागरिकों के बीच बंधुत्व को बढ़ावा देने के आग्रह के साथ। भारतीय महिलाओं को "एंगल अम्बेडकर" के प्रति आभारी होना चाहिए, जिनके लंबे संघर्ष ने उनकी सदियों पुरानी गुलामी की जंजीरों को काटने में कामयाबी हासिल की और उन्हें अपने पिछले समय की सीमित दुनिया "रसोई" को पीछे छोड़ते हुए आसमान में ऊंची उड़ान भरने की आजादी दी। बौद्ध जगत को , 2200 वर्षों के बाद बौद्ध धर्म को उसकी जन्म भूमि "भारत" में वापस लाने के लिए डॉ. बाबा साहेब अम्बेडकर का आभारी होना चाहिए। बौद्ध धर्म केवल एक विश्व धर्म है (धम्म, जीने का तरीका) जिसने सभी के लिए करुणा का उपदेश दिया, चाहे उसके धार्मिक टैग की परवाह किए बिना। काम के घंटों (12/14 घंटे से 8 घंटे) के रूप में काम करने के लिए पुराने क्रम में समुद्र परिवर्तन लाने के लिए श्रमिक और मेहनतक वर्ग डॉ। , सवैतनिक परिपक्वता अवकाश, स्वास्थ्य योजनाएँ, बीमा, भर्ती बोर्ड की स्थापना और कई अन्य कार्य डॉ बाबा साहब ने उनके लिए किए। आइए हम सब मिलकर डॉ बाबा साहब की 131वीं जयंती 14 अप्रैल, 2022 को "अंतर्राष्ट्रीय समानता दिवस" के रूप में मनाएं। शब्द 1630 द्वारा:- इ. हेम राज फौंसा

Know how Ambedkar Is Unique World Personality .

Know how Ambedkar Is Unique World Personality . (With reverence on Dr Baba Saheb Ambedkar’s 131th Jayanti falling on 14th April,2022). By:- Er. Hem Raj Phonsa( Jammu) Contact: hrphonsa@gmail.com and 09419134060 Buddha Purnima is celebrated on the full moon of the month of Vaisakh (2nd month of Vikrami Samvat) which generally falls in the Month of April-May each year. Bharat Ratna Dr. Ambedkar was born on 14th April,1891(Tuesday) in Mhow Military Chawni (Now Ambedkar Nagar) present day Madhya Pradesh. Many refused to join is birthday celebration arranged in Bombay by his admirers for his life time achievements on his birthday. But on faithful analysis of Dr Baba Saheb’s contribution in large fields, now millions across world keep waiting yearlong for celebrating this day with gaiety and reverence. He belonged to Mahar an untouchable caste of Hindu religion hierarchy. Dr Ambedkar was 14th child of revered Ramji Malogi Sakhpal and Bhimabai . His ancestors served in army. His grandfather shri Maloji Sakpal retired as Havaldar from the Bombay Army of the East India Company and was awarded a piece of land for his bravery in battle field. His father served as a Headmaster in army school and retired as Subedar Major. Bhimrao Ambedkar also joined Baroda state army as lieutenant for a brief period to keep family tradition. When unbiased India evaluated Dr Baba Saheb’s worth, country’s Political Managers awarded him India’s highest civil Award BHARAT RATANA (posthumously) in 1990. Mike Hurley Mayor city of Burnaby, Canada declared 14th April as “Dr B.R. Ambedkar Day of Equality”. Dr Baba sahib Dr. Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar was an Indian jurist, philosopher, anthropologist, Buddhist activist, revolutionary politician, writer, and relentless fighter against man made inequalities. He was world’s top economist with two economic doctorates Ph.D. (Columbia) D.Sc. (UK). Dr. Baba Saheb was a jurist, who earned his Bar-At- Law from Gray’s Inn (London), where he is only Indian whose Portrait is displayed and a Room in complex unveiled after his name. He was also a social scientist and emancipator of weak, deprived humanity including women. He sailed against Indian political winds and still won. Dr. Ambedkar became synonymous with a mission, personification as relentless fighter and fearless crusader for rights of the poor, deprived, untouchable besides women. He never shirked to make supreme sacrifice for a chosen cause. Hierarchy law of his land, social sympathy and illiteracy of untouchables were against him, still he won to make revolutionary changes in them all. He worked 18 hours and at limes , lived on single loaf of bread. The day his young son died he left home for London to attend RTC. Only it was he, who could, board ship even without attending his son’s funeral. The British Government had invited representative of untouchables along with others, to attend RTC’s to put forth safety guidelines for guarding interests of Hindu untouchable in the future Constitution of free India , on getting freedom. Dr. Ambedkar, who had faced world’s worst financial crises and his own religious hate, attracted world opinion due to his most impressive speech in the First Round Table Conference 1930-31. An untouchable Mahar, who was denied water and shelter when needed most, was heard by about 150(1st RTC) best brains of British Government, British ruled India ( Pakistan East, West included) with Burma . World press representatives in large number were also in attendance in RTCs. Dr Baba Saheb Ambedkar by virtue of his hard-earned education and super intelligence mental power earned the historic distinction to “AN UNTOUCHABLE, BREAK BREAD WITH A PRINCE AND A KNIGHT”, which had never happened before. Sir Sayajirao Gaikwad III Maharaja of Baroda called him at a sumptuous Royal Dinner party at his London residence. Many other Indian kings were also invited. Maharaja with tears of joy in his eyes introduced Dr. Ambedkar to his queen "The efforts and money I have spent on the speaker of the day (Ambedkar) were all realized". It was an achievement, a glorious success. The world press evaluated this speech as best and most impressive out of speeches of all others who spoke in First RTC. Baba Saheb participated in all three RTCs and earned “Dual Voting Rights” for his people. Both Sudra, present time Backward classes, Chhatrapati Kings Sir Siya Ji Giakward (Koli, कौली) Of Baroda State and Sahu Ji Maharaj Of Kohlapur ( Kumbi, कुर्मी,, Teli, तेली oil presser),Dr. Ambedkar’s times , helped him to attain heights in education. Both these kings respected Mahatam Phuley and his teaching. Being Dr. Ambedkar means getting world recognition only by his hard work and unblemished Personal Character. He had the strength to stand alone in a crowd but be heard with apt attention even by his adversaries. On principles Dr. Ambedkar never compromised easily. He opposed Mahatma Gandhi for bating against interests of untouchables, where their life goals differed. Gandhi worked for Indian freedom but Dr. Ambedkar for Indian freedom with freedom of his people from upper caste Hindus inhuman clutches. He described untouchables as slaves to British slaves. Still Mahatma Gandhi recognized his self- restrained bitterness for his chosen cause in a speech (Outside II R Table Conference) saying “I have the highest regards for Dr. Ambedkar. He has every right to be bitter; that he does not break our heads is an act of self- restraint on his part.” It was Gandhi who proposed his name for Chairman of the Indian Constitution Drafting Committee otherwise Nehru and Patel were not supportive. The caste hates and insults faced by Dr. Ambedkar imbibed in him a sense to struggle for getting higher education and use it as a tool to fight for regaining lost human rights of his people. However, he never treated his opponents with anguish for caste hate treatment he faced himself. He attained zenith of educated not in India but world over. Later he created quality education avenues for people of all castes. This gave him courage to fight for the rights of those who were reduced to the level even worse than animals. As child, Bhim had to get education while sitting outside class room on a sack mat brought from his house. While answering a question asked by a vising team of education officer as to name an object which we can be seen but cannot be touched. Bhim answered “HIS SCHOOL WATER PITCHER”, which was farthest object for him, which he can see but cannot touch. The courageous Bhim later succeeded to bear crown laden with MA, PhD, DSc, Bar-at- Law, LL. D highest academic degree rubies.His wisdom when recognized outside India valued it.So we find his portraits adore many International, National walls and pedestals like the Gray’s Inn room, Office of Russian President, LSE Library London, Museum of Columbia University among the few besides dozens of his statues in foreign lands. Dr. Ambedkar was a speaking museum so said his Biographer D. Keer. A child whose hair no barber dare cut for fear of getting polluted made a name with his memorials out numbering worldwide than anyone else from his contemporaries. A student who was said to get his name Ambedkar ( Ambaware was his last name after his place of birth) from his school teacher is now recognized as Symbol of Knowledge. A man, whose father faces odds to purchase books for his son, later became Father Of Indian Constitution,besides a writer of over two dozens of bestselling books and owner of a private library having 50, 000, a world’s record. American President Barak Obama said, had Ambedkar been born in America they would have named him “ SUN”. British Queen Elizabeth said "It is a matter of sadness that the great human Dr. Ambedkar was born in India, if he had been born in any other country, he would have got respect in the universal world. An out-caste child whose father failed to note date of his birth. Bhim ’s uncle took him to school for admission on 7th November1900,later earned honor of annual celebration of his school entry day 7th November as Vidyarthi Divas “Student’s Day” across Maharashtra State ( PTI Mumbai Nov.5 2017). Dr Ambedkar a life-long student, who had cultivated his interest to learn throughout his life, entered his first school on 7th Nov.1900 at Pratap Singh High School in the state's Satara district at serial number '1914' in the school register with his signature against his name. In a galaxy of freedom stars in India Dr. Baba Saheb proved “ Polar Star” and besides his country’s freedom , he worked for emancipation of 15% ( some parts of India had over 25%) Indian population who were exploited in Hindu religion. Columbia University (USA), which have produced 95 Noble laureates, drew out a list of its Alums for 250 years (2004) of the “persons who changed the world” and declared Dr Baba Saheb Ambedkar’s name at serial number “ONE”. ( Ref:Forward Press Jan1,2013,Ambedkar : Greatest World Changer among Alumi of Columbia University) India will remain indebted to Dr. Baba Saheb for writings its Sovereign, Secular, Socialist, Democratic Constitution, ensuring equality (status, worship, promotion, worship, opportunity), justice, (Social, political and economic), Liberty of (though, expression, belief, faith and worship) with an urge to promote fraternity among all Citizens for national unity and integrity of our Nation. Indian women’s need be grateful to “Angle Ambedkar” whose long struggle succeeded to cut their age-old slavery chains and gave them freedom to fly high in sky, leaving behind “kitchen” their past time confined world. Buddhist World need be grateful to Dr. Baba Saheb Ambedkar to bring back Buddhism to its land of birth “India” after 2200 years. Bhuddism is only one world religion( Dhamm, way to live) which preached compassion for all, irrespect of his/her religeous tag Labour and toiling class need be grateful to Dr. Baba Saheb for bringing about sea changes, in old order for their working as working hours (12/14hrs to 8 hours), annual leave, equal wages for equal work irrespective of sex of a worker, paid maturity leave, health schemes, insurance, establishing Recruitment Boards and many more acts Dr Baba Saheb accomplished for them. Let us all join hands in celebrating Dr Baba Saheb’s 131 Jayanti falling on 14th April,2022 as "International Equality Day" andpledge to bring up India as per our Constitution spirit. By: Er.H.R.Phonsa,Jammu Words 1718. Dated 12April,2022

Inequality and Amity do not mix well.

Inequality and Amity do not mix well. By: -Er. H. R. Phonsa, Jammu Human supported imbalances generate inequality and these create greatest hurdle in human unity. These resist unity and peace efforts by good hearted souls. Therefore human caused miseries, hate , enmity and imbalances become cause of fights, ill will, so scuttle efforts for universal peace and brotherhood. World religious philosophies and holy guides were(are) for universal peace. Buddha preached “Those who are free of resentful thoughts surely find peace -”. The Hindu Great Mantra is “Sarve VAVANTU Sukhina, Sarve Santu Niramiya ( Meaning: May all sentient beings be at peace ,may no one suffer from illness, May all see what is auspicious, may no one suffer”. The Holy Qur’an 59:23 lays “Peace is one of the names of God himself”. Holy Bible quotes “God blesses those who work for peace, for they will be called the children of God (Matthew 5:9). With the passage of time human picked up many flaws, weaknesses like ego, greed, self, hate etc. These weaknesses at times degraded God’s top of the creation (Human) even below the level of animals. India which is one along the oldest world Civilisations is in the grip of manmade inequality ,perhaps more than many world countries. So majority of Indians think, that with the passage of time, they as a nation, are drifting more and more away from of Mantra of Sarve Vavantu Sukhina---. Religious fanaticism and ill will is now raising head un-abated can cause sever blows to our unity . Good hearted people who wish better future for their country, at times share their worries and timely warning. Some of the major hurdles adversely affecting our national unity, they point out are identifies here. Among the worst factors hindering unity efforts , people feel is the human divide on castes (Particularly Hindus) damaged Hindus beyond repairs. The caste system in Hindus divided them into Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaishya, Sudras, four castes. With passage of time this divide generated Fifth category of Ati Sudras. The caste creation divided different work for different castes, so actually divided workers. This might not be the original thinking of caste originators but it actually proved as worker’s divide so that workers may not put united resistance against excesses on them. This casted suspicions on the caste divide originator’s deliberate act, for punishing all those who once resisted Aryan invasion. This divide, categorised not only work but wages, privileges, so denying all decent means of life for all women, Sudras and Ati Sudras. The caste divide was declared as an act on God’s will. Unfortunately, in India identity and worth of an individual was valued on the basis of one’s caste at birth. The caste system has damaged Indian more than any other single factor. In India caste divide made easy the spread of foreign land religions like Christianity and Islam. Fragmentation of Hindus in many religious and faith groups had linking one way or the other with caste divides and unfounded hate by high caste organizers. Hurdles are created in religion change by an individual instead concentrating to reform , uproot, burn all ever pain pricking points. Even right-thinking individuals do not pick up required strength to say, a spade a spade, so the caste hate continues. Keeping interests of their country and its people our revolutionary Bhagti Movement (14th to 17th century) Saints discarded caste factor, so preached value of an individual on his/her worth not birth. Their massage was of love, affection for all by all. Visionary persons follow teaching of all such saintly persons with conviction, like “Mera updesh Choun Varno Ko Sanja” Meaning my teaching for all four castes persons, (Guru Nanak). Another par excellent Saint Sadguru Kabir said “ Jatt naa Pusho Sadh Ki Push Lejgo Gyan, Mol Karo Talwar Ka Parra Rehin Do Mayan”. Meaning: One should consider qualities of a person, a saint, leaving aside castes considerations as one should negotiate cost of Sword not of Covering casing. Like other saints Sri Guru Ravidas Ji proclaimed “ Jatt Nahi , Jagdish Ki, Harjan Ki Kya Hoye, Jatt Patt ki Keech Main Doob Maro Mat Koi”, Meaning the Creator has no caste, so how can His creation have it, I advise people to not get mud coating and die a meaning less death. Guru Ravidas again proclaimed “ Jatt Jatt Main Jatt Hai,Jyon Kellam Ke Patt,Ravidas naa Manush Jurr Sake,Jaa Loo Jatt Naa Jatt,Meaning : Every caste has a caste with in it as in the banana tree,Ravidas saith Humanity cannot unite till caste is not annihilated. Although Efforts of these icon reformers resisted, slowed down conversion of low caste Hindus to Islam and Christianity but failed to have appreciated from caste superiority hard dyed organiser. It is well known that in modern times the wellbeing of people depends upon, how well they are placed in their country in education, health, economic, employment spheres besides segmental, sectoral and caste wise share in country’s wealth, senior level political, bureaucracy, delivery of justice, media and control of Law and order in their country. From all reports on records, in daily press writings in India the level playing for all persons here is a distant dream. In our country perhaps with pervading conditions, it does not seem possible to achieve our Constitutional equality targets for all, fulfilled in another 500 years. These targets are most needed for our Nation’s unity but chances are bleak to achieve them in near future without some drastic social mind set of governing minds. For such possibility present prevailing conditions do not give any positive indications. The Indian weak constitute majority of Dalit Samaj,who are the worst hit on parity accounts. The contribution of Dalit Samaj in history making is no less, but biased writers have ignored them, so made them history- less masses. However Indian history records that Hindu Mahabharat (1200-odd pages) and Valmiki Ramayana (1000 odd pages) Epics were reportedly composed by Shudra linkage Veda Vyasa and Maharishi Valmik. The Constitution Drafting for free India was assigned to Dr Baba Saheb Ambedkar Dr. Ambedkar despite his failing health, lacking needed support from his colleagues, worked very hard for 2 years,11 months and 18 days and gave India, world’s voluminous best Constitution. At the time of its adoption, the Constitution contained 395 Articles and 8 Schedules, 22 parts and had about 145,000 words, making it the longest National Constitution to ever be adopted world over. Dr Baba Sahed Ambedkar hit the paining points so untouchability was abolished in all its forms (Art.17). Practice of untouchability in any form was made punishable and Equality for all Indians was made Fundamental Rights ( Preamble). Dalits were major contributor for Indian freedom struggle. As per a report in Dalit Dastavej Hindi book in Freedom struggle from (1857-1947) 68.3% were shudras (now SCs, STs and OBCs). Regardless all glaring facts, it seems, as if Indian major ruling elite, major political parties have unofficially declared Indian Dalits (SCs, STs, OBC and Converted Minorities) as non-meritorious, cowards and so ignoring their modern means of advancements in propionate to their population and National resources. They not only are majority in Nation;s population ( about 85%)but are in majority of poverty, ill health, illiteracy ridden Indian. Despite the facts they are not part of big Financial institution frauds, riots etc.They are major vote bank to form all governments but they claim to bear disparities in fair dealing of Governments. The Congress Party has ruled Central Government for about 54 years and NDA lead by the right-wing BJP are now in the government saddle since 2014 with past rule of 5 years (1999-2004).The poor strata claim to be ignored with bundles of lip sympathies from the ruling elite. Not much of national resources are shared with Dalits as per rules framed for their welfare in the Parliament. Many reports say major part of the component funds set aside in budget for Dalits, have been diverted for other common community causes. In reality Dalits were recognised as human after India attained freedom and they got Constitution safe guards. But despite this they continued to face disparities. Here are some glaring facts about SC’s representation, in political and bureaucratic authority of India. Only 8 SC males including one woman from a count of nearly 564 CM’s since 1952. India currently has 35 CMs with only 01 SC; With 17 Presidents of India SCs were 02 ; So far no SC PMs out of 17; 2 SC Dy PM’s out of 07 ; only3 SCs out of 18 Lok Saba Speakers ; just 01Sc CJI out of 48, Only 01-SC out of 48 Bharat Ratna Awardees. No SC out of 01 CDS,15 CISC, 29 Army Chiefs, 26 Air Chiefs,29 Navy heads is far. On 5Aug, 2019 in bureaucracy out of 89 Union Secretaries Dalit was 01; STs 03’s; OBC Zero; (the Print 5 August,2019). In their appointments’ reservation norms, so employment, as per their population is denied. The data on backlog vacancies said that in SC category, there were 13,979 filled up positions and 14,366 (50.68%) unfilled out of total 28,345 posts. The situation looked similar in the ST category as there were 9,404 filled up posts and 12,612(56.28%) unfilled as against the total vacancies of 22,016 in ST category (The New Indian Express dated 8 Oct,2021). To expect fair dealing in states of India and their services cadres the less said better. Unbiased head can see greatest gaps in appointment of Dalits as Vice Chancellors of Universitas, HOD’s in departments of learning and other departments where appointments are by nomination. There are fields of governance as Army, RAW, Atomic Energy etc under Government. Although SCs, STs, OBC people have been found more laborious and honest, still do not find placement these departments in any senior position. Writer N. K Singh’s (singh.nk1994@yahoo.com) writes in the Punjab Kesri of 2nd March,2022, that Private sector’s has 45.5crore (organised 3.5crore, unorganised 42 crore) employment and Govt. sectors have 2.60 crore (states 2 crore, Central Govt.60 Lakh). This way reservation rules are applicable only govt. sector (partly). In Private sector, these rules are not applicable, so in controlling and managerial sector hardly anybody from the reserved categories finds access. The SCs, STs, OBCs personals get observed in Labour and junior level clerical posts on the whims and wishes of owners. Political parties include in their manifestos schemes like giving free lap tops, LPG cylinders, ration, cash dolls, instead of including in their manifestos general welfare schemes, like opening/improving health care ,education, employment, old age care, communication, road connectivity, power, animal husbandry , diary forming, agriculture, trade ( Urban, rural) industries, housing schemes for homeless , craft, child and women welfare, insurance for those who are involved in cleaning services, scholarships for marginalised sections(incl. foreign for higher education), increasing wages, pays of employees, regularisation of daily wagers, price control, improving law and order, reducing back log of, court cases and vacant posts of reserved category persons) etc. The cash- dolls, free distribution of other items generates corruption and help in easy election win for political parties. For spouting willing unity thoughts, major hurdles need, be isolated and fired with human heart. The education spread and media efforts to point out lapses in governing process has made people aware of the avoidable excesses caused to their cause. Now our democracy is 75 years but the top 10% holding 57% of national income in 2021, and the bottom 50% holding just 13% cannot be taken as a good sign for mass unity. (Source: - The Indian Express New Delhi dated 10 Dec.2021 ). Dated 3 March,2022. Words:1936 Words 1937

My Alma Mater the Regional Engineering College (Now NIT) Srinagar Sixty Years Past.

My Alma Mater the Regional Engineering College (Now NIT) Srinagar Sixty Years Past. (Enlarged and updated my write up On the Eve of the Golden Jubilee celebrated on 7th May, 2001 by Alumni Association at Jammu). By: - Er. Hem Raj Phonsa alias Hem Raj Second Batch (1961-66) I had the proud privilege to be the student of II Batch (1961-1966) of the Prestigious Regional Engineering College (Now NIT with Deemed University status) Hazratbal Naseem Bagh Srinagar. It was one of the Fourteen REC’S started in Nineteen Sixties, throughout our country, to impart technical training to Indian students. The first admission in the college to the first Batch (1960-1965) was in September 1960. Shri Raj Kumar Abrol (Now Dr. R.K. Abrol) from Jammu was the first student to be enrolled in the college. He maintained his first position in the college merit list in all esteems when he passed out in 1965.Then Our college had only three esteems namely Civil, Mechanical and Electrical Engineering with intake of 90 students per batch. In the subsequent years more Engineering streams were added and student intake also increased. The admission in the REC’S then was on the basis of the marks obtained by students in the Intermediate (F. Sc) examination with non-medical subjects. The interstate students were 50% from the other Indian states /UT’s on reciprocal basis. This REC was the dream child of zenab Bakashi Gulam Mohamad, a National Conference leader, who served as the Prime Minister of Jammu and Kashmir from 1953 to 1964. Baskashi Sahib’s vision was to train state’s own engineers from this institution, who will shield responsibilities of sate’s progress in engineering fields. The GMC Srinagar was started in 1959, In Lal Mandi Srinagar. The 1962 being election year, more students were admitted and on passing out they faced employment problems and some were recruited even drafts men, a rare instance in the Government Departments Engineering profession. Some retired as Assistant Engineer (now AEE) and majority as Executive/ Superintending Engineers, only a few lucky could rise as CE’s. The REC college location was carefully selected in the world famous picturesque Naseem Bagh full of chinar trees, on the Bank of Dal Lake, with nearness to the Nagin Lake, Nagin club and Hazratbal Muslim Shrine, all world acclaimed places and the prides of Kashmir. Naseem Bagh had the distinction of being one of the beautiful Mughal Gardens (With no flowers beds like of Srinagar’s famous bags like Shalimar, Chesham Shahi, Harban, Nishat,Hariparbat) having been constructed in 1586 AD by Great Mughal Emperor Akbar (1543 - 1605 A.D). In it 1200 Chinar trees planting was carried by Shah Jahan emperor in 1686. During our stay it had about 700 Chinar trees, many with majestic height and spreads. The nearness of the college campus to world famous Muslim shrine Hazratbal, also called Dargah Sharif, Assar-e-Sharif and it houses the sacred hair relic (Moi-e-Muqqadas) believed to be of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. The Holy Moi-e-Muqaddas is displayed for Darshan-Dedar to public only on special occasions. In addition to daily prayers Friday prayers are held as a routine event in the Dargah Sharif, so it was an ever-busy place. The college site was sharing common periphery with Kashmir University (Now Naseem Bagh is part of its campus) campus overlooking famous and romantic Mughal gardens, the most visited places in Srinagar, Kashmir. Kashmir University had very few buildings then. Charchenar an island famous place was at half an hour shikara drive. The REC was 15kms from Srinagar on Leh road opposite to the present day Mazzar ( Grave) of Sher-e- Kashmir Zenab Sheikh Mohd. Abdullah, the first Prime Minister (now called Chief Minister) of J&K State (Now UT). College site was also surrounded by orchards of Zakura , Gulab bagh, Tel Bal etc. famous for cashmere delicious apples. The institution was fully residential with modern messing arrangements and housed in the old single storey wooden barracks built with typical Kashmiri style of pitched wooden roofs. The college had established a huge library with quality books and magazines. The construction of campus where the present NIT is located was started sometime in 1963. I last visited the College present campus in 1991,when my son Vishal ,got admission in first semester. I found my college, a changed world but the old campus mess meals royalties and delices were missing. Here under I reproduce from my aging memory, the teaching staff, office, administration, messing, health care, social binding in campus with some sweet and sour instances. The college atmosphere was all joyous, fun, friendly except some unfortunate instances on the occasions of match winning/ losing by India or Pakistan, when atmosphere showed unfortunate happening. Teaching staff: - The college administrative and teaching staff faculty then was perhaps the best. Principal; Dr. (Prof.) Z.U. Ahmed: - A highly qualified Electrical Engineer himself. He was strict disciplinarian with high qualities of administrative skills. He was true to his words. The College owes a lot to him for his vision and administrative skill. When his car entered in college campus it seemed that even Chinar leaves observed discipline in murmurings. Sh. Chand Mal, ICS, the college Dean: - A British time bureaucrat, visionary, College dean and strict disciplinarian. He was lover of merit. He ordered games and NCC as compulsory. I was unfortunate to not see him. Registrar: - Sh Panna Lal an economic expert, one time principal of G.G. M. Sc (Arts) College Jammu, strict but accepted things, if one could convince him by logic. Dy. Registrar: - Sh. H.L. Choudhari an advocate by profession, sharp in action, intelligent, thin, lean but tall personality. He took lot of interests in the welfare of the college and students. I remember when in a mob my classmate asked his, “Sir, yeh kaya badshi hai”? Mr.Choudhari replied, “I excuse you because you my son, do not know what you are Saying”. Prof. R.P. Jareth (HOD Chemistry dept.):- A tall, well built personality with thick eye glasses. One he told in our class, his eye glasses were specially designed in foreign country, when he got blinded during some laboratory experiments. He was par excellent metallurgical expect of his times. He was capable to deliver lecture in all classes in almost all main Engineering subjects from first year to final year. He narrated once in class that he was lucky to attend the meeting of scientists, when first Atom bomb was designed in America. He was strict disciplinarian, highly qualified and gentle at heart. He was moving museum by himself. He used to narrate many interesting stories in the class room about his carrier. He was jolly at times. He was said to have failed his own son who was his student too. But did not change his decision even when his whole family revolted against him. Prof. Jareth told in his narration, when his whole family revolted in one voice against his action told them, “I can bear, as a father, my son’s education expenditure for one year but as a teacher cannot allow him to sit in the next lass with less merit.” Later his son was reported to have earned laurels for his exemplary good work. His class notes served as book for reference. Once he told in our class to a non-serious student “Had you been my son and I had a pistol in my hand, I would have shoot you dead?” He was also jolly at times. Once in an examination when a student nervously loudly said “Water”, Prof. Jareth asked him politely “Do you want, my son, to take water or make water?” Dr. Prof. Dr. Qazi Abdul Rehman- (HOD Mathematics). He was a world class Mathematical authority with triple PhD, visiting professor to many world universities. In his free lecturers he talked of “Ten Dimension”, problems, then a Greek to us. He was jolly person, always ready to answer any question instantly but in an impressive way. He was not much bothered about his dress and often spoke tasty Lakhani Urdu. Once he was wearing woolen over coat with a rain coat on a sunny day. Students enquired reasons to which he quickly replied “You cannot believe the weather of Kashmir and government of Pakistan, as to when it will change”. On small differences with the college principal, he resigned his job saying “You are not the only principal of my life”. Dr Prof. A. D. Daru (HOD, Civil Eng.): Thin body frame person with high qualities of head and heart. Simple and gentle, sweet voice, never taking punitive action to our mischief’s. His mild voice made it difficult to grasp fully his expert teaching. He acted as stop gap arrangement College Principal. Dr Sayed Rais Ahmed (HOD Physics-Electronic Depts.) :- Extremely well educated, experienced with seriousness in teaching. He was later made Vice chancellor of Kashmir University. Reportedly he finally retired as Director NCERT New Delhi. Mrs. Dr. Shakti Rais Ahmed; - The only woman teacher of college. She used to teach chemistry. Intelligent, laborious and strong disciplinarian. She was wife of Dr. Rais Ahmed. They lived in the college campus, staff house. Monis Riza (HOD of Humanities dept. and Dean): - Professor of English with political maneuverability of mind. Very friendly with the students and at times compromised with student indiscipline. He took over as Principal of REC from zenab Dr. Prof. Z.U. Ahmed. Hereafter discipline in college was causality. He later served as vice chancellor of Delhi University Delhi. A friend said he was M.A. Geography. Dr Kazmi; - He was civil engineer having earned distinction of obtaining PhD in structural engineering from U.K university with out doing his Post graduation. Handsome personality, mostly using Urdu language even while teaching. Casual in his dressing. Simple, intelligent human, who later authored many reputed books on design of structures, theory of structural analysis. He taugh us subject of Advance Analysis of Structures. Sardar Balwant Singh (workshop Superintendent): - Jammu based sardar ji , owning a car besides college principal. He was seen always busy in the college work shop. He designed and got fabricated college Main Gate and swimming poll equipment. The swimming pool was installed in the Dal Lake opposite to college gate. It was land mark of our college. Dr Qazi (HOD Mechanical Eng.) :- Very jolly fellow, tall, well built. He used to speak a tasty Lukhnawi styled Urdu in class room too. Intellegent, but always discoursed students about their future, which as per him was bleak as engineer. His oft repeated verse to his students was “ Mian Jayo Tell Bechoo aur Jayo Hazratbal main Cycle Puncher ki Dukan Kholo”. His remarks evoked many students to change their subject esteems and shifted to Civil Esteem and passing out we in Civil Engineering were about 80, so faced difficulties in getting service. Many found employment as Draftsman and Technical Assistants equivalent to Junior Engineer. Dr.O.N. Wakhloo: - Son of the soil, a civil engineer, then professor and Estate’s officer. Later he served as the REC Principal (1977-82). He was very active with a possessed a sharp memory till his passing away recently. He was local examination paper modulator, so he was reported to favor some students in this respect. He also acted as Chairman J&K IEI Srinagar for years. Dr Bhamroo:-The mathematics teacher and perhaps first PhD in Mathematics from J&K State. He was intelligent, gentle but had a very piercing voice, with little control over his students in the class. Sardar Parvin Singh (Prof. Engineering Geology);- Jammu based Sadar ji, was an Intelligent, gentle but master of his subject “ Engineering Geology”. He was author and later principal of Camp College Jammu. He was sole light behind planning and construction of MBSCET Babliana Jammu. I kept contact with him for long, he has now passed away. Chandersheikhar: A south Indian Civil Engineer and a soft spoken friendly teacher. He used to teach us land survey. During night classes he explained about celestial body. He also taught about latest quick and accurate survey techniques. After my final examination he offered by to get teaching job, but I refused for which later I regretted by mistake. Besides these there was a large staff for all streams. It is difficult to remember all names after 55 years, I wish, I could remember and share their names here but sorry to do so. The jolly Character of lecturer Saxena, one can hardly afford to miss. He at times looked after mess supervision. Once a lethargic student from Bareilly “Sangi” sent his room boy to bring his breakfast in his room, when the practice stood banned. Mr. Sexena was in the mess, so he carried breakfast for Mr. Sangi, saluted him and told the him politely to avoid it in future. I was eye witness to this instance. Other note worth personalities of our times were, Prof. Burns (U.K) electrical faculty, Sh. A.K. Ghose (HOD Mining), Sh. K.R. Acharya (first HOD Mech. Engg), Sh. G.L. Labru ( Lect. Humanities ), Sh. S.M. Zaki , U.N. Tiwari (both Lect. Math) sh. M.A. Khan ( Lect. chemistry) Dr. S. Ahmed Ali ( Prof. Physics), Sh. Abu Salim( Lect. in Civil Engg.) Mr. Dewan our Mess superintendent, Mr. EL.VEE our college librarian and hostel warden, Lecturer’s G.S Razdhan, C. L Bhan of town planning. Sh. C.L Bhan was serious teacher where as Razdhan always promised to give notes in his next class, but that day never happened and we depended upon what Mr. Bhan taught. Prof. Bhan was repoted to have passed away, may the generous soul rest in peace. Mr. Razdhan later served in Jammu Dev. Authority, established his private office too. Dr. Ali Baksh and Haji Gulam Hussein were our college campus health dispensary in charge and Sh. Gulam Mohd. Bhat office superintendent. S. Haji Gulam Hussein in his medical advice always said “You have no problem, take this mixture and be healthy”. Our office Surinetendant Mr. G.M. Bhat later Dy. Secretary in Civil Secretariate.He was very nice and extremely helpful to anybody approached him for help particularly students.. Alternative education improvement efforts: - REC Srinagar had summer working, so the principal used to call visiting professors from Aligarh, Roorkee and other colleges to teach us by conducting special classes during their summer vacations. Dr A.S. Arya of Roorkee university, an author and authority on structural designing including Earthquake engineering, taught us design of structures. He was later Director Earthquake Engineering, played major role in writing Code for Earthquake Resistant Design and Construction of Buildings. Dr. Jain structural design wizard and many others used to visit and teach us. Dr. Barkat Singh Hydraulic expert. When our college closed for winter vacations, students were sent to colleges of summer zone for practical classes. This way the students were kept busy through out the year. The college used to hum with yearlong activities, aimed at developing over all personalities and skills of the students. High dignitaries who visited college then: - Prof. Humayum Kabir, the union minister for scientific research and cultural affairs visited the college to inaugurate it. Morarji Desai Union Minister of Finance and later Prime Minister of India; Zenab Dr. Zakir Husain Vice President of India, later the President of India; M.C. Chagla an eminent jurist, CJ of Bombay HC from 1947-58, and Union Minister of Education; Col B.N. Zaidi, M.P and ex. vice chancellor of Aligarh Muslim University; G.M. Sadiq State Cabinet Minister, later state CM and Chairman of the Board of Governors of REC. Another dignitary visited was Padma Bhushan Awardee, Dr. K.L Rao himself an author, as eminent Dam design Engineer, who enjoyed undisputed authority on dam design world over. He was Union Minister (1962-70) for Irrigation and Power. His son was also REC student. Dr. Rao gave a lecture on Dam Building, where he introduced himself jokingly as “Dam Engineer”, pronouncing Dam as “Damn”. Celebration of college day 1964; - Although our college stated academic activities from Sept. 1960, but the first college day was formally celebrated on October10.1964, when college premises kept humming with activities of sorts, for days. Dr Z.U. Ahmed our worthy principal received the chief guest zenab G.M. Sadiq Chairman of the Board of Governors of college at 7.15 pm. Eight meritorious student were honored prominent among them were R.K. Abrol, Sudesh Sapolia, N.M. Bhandari , Dharam Pal Luthra, M.S. Mubasshir. I being vegetarian got a meat bone in rice Pulao, so I had to go without meals that night without any regrets. College Mess: - Since it was a residential institution, so a good mess was the necessary. In the initial days the messing arrangements were poor. Mr.Sangi ,II batch student was surprised when he saw cooks kneeling floor by feet. Therefore, students resorted to strike. We came to Srinagar and met Nassar –Ulla IAS, then divisional commissioner Kashmir and also Son in law of Bakshi Sahib, the state Prime Minister. When he contacted our principal, who in turn asked him to send back all students to the college. Next day the principal addressed us and said “Give me a fortnight’s time, there after your mess shall be second to none in Kashmir except Army mess”. He carried his promise and our mess was made exemplary. New cooks were also recruited from Ramnagar, Jammu province, who prepared homely meals served Chappies with Desi Ghee top dressing. In Breakfast we were served Bread, tea, sealed fresh dairy milk 200 ml bottle, egg, butter 20gms. Those who were vegetarians like me got one milk bottle in lieu of an egg. Saturday special meals were introduced, quality and quantity of meals were made extremely good. Saturday special dinner had many guests’ invitee, students from GMC Srinagar also, where messing arrangements were poor. Student discipline: - All students were ordered to wear college uniform not only in classes, but in mess and while going to bazaar. Students had principal’s orders to move like engineers all the times. Only four monthly passes were allowed to juniors to visit Srinagar city. Students were advised to avoid going to cinema, if they go then, to sit in the First Class only. No noise was allowed in the common room or tuck shop. NCC and games were compulsory for every one. All students to be in their rooms before nine in the night. Senior students were respected like professors and seniors lend helping hands to the juniors. Racking of new student was officially banned but it was carried regularly, Chori-Chori. No physical injury or insult was caused in the racking. The students were provided services of room boys to attend to the personnel needs of the students. When I visited Kashmir in 2008 and went with my family including my first small granddaughter Shreya, now 11th class student, we had a for shikara ride from Nagin Lake to Hazratbal Shrine, the shikara (a small beautifully decorated boat used for site seeing) rower, person recognized me, and on enquiry he turned out be my room boy “Gulla” during college days. We were happy to meet each other after many years. Common Kashmiri peoples, particularly rural toiling masses are good at heart, extremely hospitable. but show their helplessness to politically motivated mob mentalities and police action, excesses. College clubs: - To get engaged the students in cultural, social and physical activities a number of clubs were established. I also visited Shri Amaranth Holy Cave as member of Himalayan club in 1966 via Sona Marg- Baltal . To give outside exposure to the students College educational tours were conducted for seeing different sites of engineering interests. In 1966 college tour my batchmates had a chance to see places in Chandigarh, Punjab, Haryana, Delhi, UP, Bhakra and Pong Dam sites. I still remember when our college bus, we were travelling to Massouri, was saved by God’s Act falling down the hill slope. We were saved miraculously and had second birth. College magazine: - Our college magazine was named “Sabzar” and its first issue was published in 1964. It carried many interesting articles,cartoons and detailed of college activities. It carried my article “Analysis of a Bank Bencher” on its page no 245. I still have preserved that first issue in my personal library having stock of about 600 books. Sharing Moments of Joy and Sorrows; - The college staff and students not only shared moments of joys but of sorrow too. On the sad demise of Pt. Jawaharlal Lal Nehru Indian Prime minister and John f. Kennedy the President of USA, condolence meetings were held in the college. Many joined memorial service of or class mate messiah, who died there. The college remained off. Mathematical aids: To carry the mathematical calculations, only log tables and foreign made slide rules were available. Slide rule had a sliding scale between a calibrated Ivoryframe fixed on its ends. The number calibrations on the scales were so made that the slide rule carried all types of calculations with a degree of accuracy up to two places of decimal. The electronic calculators were not invented so not available in the market. A Germany made Slide rule then costed Rupees Fifty-five, a big price indeed. Communication means: - The only system of communication available to college wards was Post Office for mails and private and govt. busses for transport . We depended on letters for messages, money orders from homes. The principal office had a telephone connection. For commoners telephone was made available in the post office lately. At times we used to go to city on foot, particularly in winter when it snowed heavily in valley. Some personnel experiences: - We used to go around the Dal on bi-cycle which was available on demand from a cycle shop at Hazratbal on daily charges of half a rupee. Some times two of us shared the cycle ride for economy. Many of us had normal Sunday routine to go round around Dal Lake on Bi -cycle and visit to Shankaracharya Hill top temple. In 1964, college campus had over 3 feet snow sheet, whole of Dal Lake got frozen and people enjoyed walking on it besides seeing the “Hangies” pulling their boats. Even a jeep run was conducted on Dal Lake near Dal Gate. Our mess got stopped temporarily so we have had daily, to walk to Srinagar city on foot for meals and back late in the night. The NCC uniform especially long boots made our life warmer during long walks. There was no water heating system in our college bath rooms. A water boiler was installed sometime after 1964, which eased our bathing problems in winter. Earlier we took bath with cold water year long and some students went to city for hot water bath in barber shops or “Saloons”. College Students Strike: -A strike was resorted to by students for what demands, I did not know. Many students were rusticated. The principal did not agree to take back the rusticated students. Later these rusticated students were awarded Degrees on passing all examinations with restriction of not allowed to join government service. This became a main cause to change Dr. Z.U. Ahmed as principal. The atmosphere started deteriorating in the college premises from this onwards. Some un- matching and un- forgettable events: - Some student planned a joy marriage event in the college. The arrangements for the entertainment were made in the new campus for the barat (marriage party) reception which was to come from the old campus. Two students were selected to act as bride and bridegroom vollentrily. Sh. Avtar Singh Biri (later Wazir, retired as CE PWD (R&B)) played the pivotal management role. When the barrat was about to reach the new campus with band plying and dancing. Some students went to prof. Monis Riza, the college Dean, telling him that a great law and order problem was in making by Jammu students as the student acting by as bride was a Muslim boy. Monis Riza came to spot to stop the act saying in a cinema style “Yeh shadi Nahi Hogi ”. This way the event was forced to end unceremoniously. Dr. Bandey’s clinic: - In Barrak “M” where Mr. Bandey a student of my batch was staying had put up a sign board “Poshida Amraj ka Mahir Dr, Bandey”. I had not met Bandey after college days, I wish he is in good health. Chewing dinner coupon; - The course of copying in examination had set its foot in REC as well but in very small way. Never in my life I had taken to copying, but in the paper of Electronics, which I was feeling doubts to pass, I joined this wrong practice. The paper was in the evening, so I put two papers chits in my pocket, one with answer to a question and other my dinner coupon. Our daily mess entry pass had three parts. Search was carried by Prof. Allag (Electrical) and in fear I put my hand in my pocket to destroy the copying coupon in my pocket. One paper piece was taken out and put into my mouth with out seeing it. The checking also stopped before my turn came. In the evening when I reached dining hall and took out my dinner coupon to be deposited at the entry, I was surprised to find the coupon with copying material in my pocket in- stead of dinner coupon, which I had chewed. I had already failed in a similar effort in my Intermediate practical when I failed to retrieve from my pen cap a paper piece carrying recording for a pendulum practical recording. On my narration it to my friends, all made good fun of me. These were my failed attempts to try unfair means. There are still many small stories in my memory which explains our days in REC. One or two students never purchased tooth paste but daily borrowed it from one student or the other. My Sunday Mustard Oil body massaging was joined by many as fun. A jolly but naughty “ I” Barrack Student when fined by Warden to go to city without a valid pass, he told warden, sir passes are only four and he had to go to city daily so please take fine for full month once, it will safe yours and mine daily worries. Engineering Professions: - One of our visiting professors during college days warned by saying “When an engineer fails, a doctor comes in”. He again said “When a doctor fails, he kills one at a time, but a failure of an engineer can create havoc”. He advised us to be careful while designing structures. One of state bureaucrat later Additional Secretary in GOI once sarcastically commented about engineers before me. Although I was his subordinate, still I replied him forcefully “When after a centaury you shall look back, you shall see our engineer’s foot prints only”. He again shot back saying what about bureaucratic work. I told him your files shall be eaten by white ants but not structures created by engineers. He was convinced. I told him the Taj Mahal, Lal birth Village Pakhri, presently falling in Distt. Samba was an unknown remote border village, 3-4 kms from International Border with Pakistan. This Village then had 99.9% illiterates, devoid of communication means with no cemented house, school etc. On my admission to REC Srinagar, when my name was displayed on college notice board, hung from a Chinar tree trunk, it gave me unbound joy to see that wounder for which I thanked God Almighty. With all good wishes to past and present Associates of REC(NIT) Srinagar. I pay my highest regards to those departed souls of REC teachers and students who have joined back the eternal world, may all these souls rest in peace. I also pay my regards to those who spare time to go through this long essay. Words---- 4778 Er. HEM RAJ Phonsa Place: - Jammu E Mail: - hrphonsa@gmail.com WhatsApp Number: +919419134060 Dated: 21th January,2022 Blogspot: Dalit Vision with over 2,00,000 views REC Alumni, Batch 1961-66 Photo view of REC (NIT) old Campus, Nageen Badh in winter.

Distinctive similarity of thoughts and Actions Of Dr. Baba Saheb Ambedkar and Kabir

Distinctive similarity of thoughts and Actions Of Dr. Baba Saheb Ambedkar and Kabir Kabir (1398-1518) Bhagati cult must have been clearly and strongly cultivated in the thought process of family members of Bhimrao Ambedkar, a Mahar by caste. Mahar were low caste Hindus. Bhima’s parental and maternal families had great faith and following of Kabir Bhagati cult. The Britishers had abolished caste barriers for at least in their armed services. Britishers also had established education standards for its soldiers as per their ranks. Ramji Sakhpal’s brothers and father Malogi Sakhpal were in army so have had attained required education standard. Bhimrao’s mother Bhimabai had her father and six uncles all subedar Majors in the British Army, so were educated too. They all belonged to Sant Mat cult with Kabir teaching engrossed in their life following. Kabir devotional songs were sung twice daily in his house. In the morning and evening every family member had to join without fail. Any child who tried to skip was admonished. Although Bhimrao Ambedkar had listened in apt attention from his father stories of Ramayana and Mahabharat but still he had in his life followed ideals of three icons “Buddha, Kabir and Phooley”. Bhimrao took them as his Gurus. Dr. Baba Saheb Ambedkar was engrossed with the ideals and Bhagati songs of Kabir so deeply that on the list night of his life, before retiring to bed he was singing “ Chal Kabira,Tera Bhav Sagar Dera” . This showed that Dr. Ambedkar’s Kabir Bhagati had given him life’s insight realities so he knew his end was near. Let us in brief find how far they had similarities in their thought and action. Kabir, a Muslim born, was par excellent Bhagati Movement Saint. Kabir was said as “Kabir is Supreme God “- Guru Nanak Dev Ji ( SGGS page 721) . Dr Saheb Ambedkar and Kabir discarded what was unstainable on practical life critical reviews. Kabir decried all what was projected as religious acts, but actually not found so. Bhagati revolutionary saints discarded such facts, irreligious void acts imposed by Brahmin and Muslim priests (pujaris) on simple, poor, illiterate people but having deep faiths in religion. These saints closely looked into the partibility of religious norms, they understood that Hindu religion norms grant all fruits for upper castes and useless wastes to shudras, taking that too an act of favour to them, from upper castes. They found that Hindus had banned for shudras wearing new clothes, ornaments, eating fresh food and decent means of life. Along with shudras Hindus treated women with bias so enslaved them, blocking all their human rights including rights to own property and leading independent life. Due Brahminical unnatural resources divide, Shudras had to sustain life even on carcases of dead animals. The Bhagati movement Saints found that Hindu have concocted stories of caste norms therefore not acts of God. These saints even found ill-founded Hindu techniques to ward off troubles through variety of Dogmas, Havans (Burning of cereal’s and Ghee in fire) Yaagya (Religious sacrifice with feasts), ritual’s, like 68 Tirath yatras to take bath in Holi water courses, Karvat (Sawing of human bodies of rulers,rich), Sharaada (funeral and periodic ceremony for dead), Varat (Austerity, fasting). Such practices were nothing except creating fear psyche and looting resources of people with promises of warding off effects of bad karmas and diseases. To avoid Nark (Hells) and welcome to Sawarg (heaven) enjoyment after death to those who followed Brahmin dictates. But saints found these nothing but unfounded false claims by thugs cheats. Such were Brahmanical mind woven religious complexities that their utility could not face serious reviews besides being beyond the understanding of common persons. Such futile acts had to be performed by engaging Brahmins, Bhudevas (Gods on the earth), a perennial source of Brahmins livelihood. Brahman’s Vedic scripture language was Sanskrit. Why Hindu deities understood only Sanskrit was a mystery. Against this Saints used common man’s language in their discourses. Although Dr. Ambedkar knew 9 languages but used local dialect to address masses. Hindus had strictly demonstrated over period of time that they can suffer loss of their followers but cannot compromise with their Sanatandharma or Chaturvarna norms. Chaturvarna religion was based on Manusmiriti and Vedas foundation so immune to doubts and questioning. This non compromising Hindu attitude created grounds for conversion of masses to other religious faiths. This way one time in majority Hindus got reduced to 70%, with Muslims 21 % and Christians 1%, others 8% in 1901 census. Dr. Baba Saheb carried for 5 years agitation for entry of Shudras into Kala Ram temple Pune1930, burnt Hindu Law rules book Manismirity1925, carried Mahad water protest to warn Hindus to mend their ways towards his people, but all in vain. Many such earlier attempts for temple entry like Menakshi temple (Madras)1874, Amravati temple entry1928, Vikom temple Trivandrum 1924 also failed due to Hindu hard-line thinking. Dr. Baba Saheb was fully convinced of fact that his people will not get Human Rights as Hindus. So, he publicly announced at Yeola Maharashtra to leave Hinduism on October 16, 1935. He got converted or say, join back ancestral religion Buddhism in 1956 with lakhs of his followers. Some unbiased historians say creation of Pakistan gave Hindus, in disguise, 85% majority with ruling edge for 15% upper castes. The brahmins must have been afraid of any future dangers like Buddhist conversion of past, if shudras revolting and united against them. These Brahmin designated shudras were one-time Buddhists. So, to ward off such possibilities Brahmins created water tight divisions of castes, sub castes, gotras and more among shudras. Brahmins created for them distinctive visual division marks like Tilak( for head colour mark), Yagyopaveet ( Holy thread) chotti ( Long hair curl on head),special styled Dhoti (lower body covering) beads wearing etc. To this Kabir declared futile, no relevancy for worship. these futile “ Malla Tilak Lagaye Ke,Bhagat naa Ayi Hath, Darri Munsh Mundaye Ke Chaley Duni Ke Sath”. Means:, By wearing Beed neckless onecannot gain progress in worship. What is the use to shave off beard, moustache,if one has to follow world ways. The job profiles divisions was declared for society wellbeing, but actually it was division of workers. Brahmins divided them as those who could enter homes of three upper caste, touch them, for their services like barbers, carpentry, potters, washermen, cleaning utensils, cooking, so they were touchable shudras. Other shudras who were to perform outside services jobs like, watchmen, carry messages to distant places on death, marriages etc, cobblers, weavers, arcticians, musicians, drummers, gymnastics, snake charmers, animal rearing, removing dead animals, cleaning and watering streets, flushing floors, toilet, midwifery duties, carry out night soil etc. they were called Ati Shuras and they had to live outside upper caste inhabitations. These castes divide was as many as 6743 and constituted 65% of Indian population (Mandal commission report 31 Dec 1980). The majority of minorities, Muslins, Sikhs, Buddhist, Jains (20% of Indian population) are converters from Hindu Shudras. As published by Government of India in 2014, Socio Economic and Caste Census 2011 conducted by the Registrar General of India has come out with 46,73,034 categories of caste, sub-caste, synonyms, different surnames, gotras in the caste and clan names (Deccan Herald. 17 July). Baba Saheb Ambedkar torpedoed this Brahminical thought and Joined Buddhism on 14th October, 1956 to make way for all Shudra classes to leave their Hindu caste divides and be one as Buddhist, where there is no caste divide. Dr. Ambedkar’s value-based arguments in three Round Table Conferences, meeting and memorandums to British delegates had already got untouchables divide confined into only three categories as SCs, STs and OBCs in 1931 census estimates. All Bhagati movement saints namely Nam Dev, Fareed, Nanak, Ravidas, Tuka, Sain, Bulley Shah , Hafiz, ,Chokhamela etc. were firm in their beliefs but mild in their words. Kabir was bold, fearless and undaunted in dealing with his opponents. Meaningful, fearless and boldness in his expression was unique. Similarly, Dr. Baba Saheb had value base and clarity of expressions. So both never shrieked in their views, no matter the person addressed was a king or pauper. Dr. Baba Saheb told on the face Mahatma Gandhi, uncrowned king of Congress and Chaturverna Hindus, “Mahatmas have come and gone but problem of my people has remained”. Kabir told Brahmins who bosted their clan purity “ Maila Brahma, Maila Indu, Ravi Maila hai Maila Chand ,Meaning deities like Brahma, Indra are polluted; the Sun and the Moon also polluted (SGGS Ang 1158). For such boldness both had to suffer for sticking to their set life goals. Kabir suffered Sikandar Lodhi’s excesses and Baba Saheb Ambedkar faced a number of life elimination attempts. Baba Saheb had taken strong but correct, justified position, before reaching listed conditions before signing Poona Pact in 1932. Hindu leaders were adamant not to heed conditions offered by Baba Saheb to allow scraping untouchable’s Dual Voting Rights given to end communal tangle through franchise. Instead, the Hindu reactionaries had threatened Baba Saheb to cremate him alive the pyre of Gandhi, if Gandhi died due to his undertaken fast and hard line and delaying tactics of Dr. Ambedkar in accepting offered conditions. The political reservation of seats in legislation and reservation in government services, as percentage of population of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes, to total Indian population, was churned out by Baba Saheb through negotiation in Poona Pact 1932 in lieu of Dual Voting Rights. Even political seats were increased from 71 to 148 in provincial and central Assemblies. Baba Saheb gave second birth to Gandhi following Lord Buddha’s principle of showing compassion even for one’s rivals. Both Kabir and Baba Saheb Ambedkar were exemplarily great in their fields of working. Kabir a truthful mystic saint and was lover of all humanity, whereas Baba Saheb was a political giant with world class knowledge and skills. Both loved all creations of Almighty Supernatural Power, with variety of names Muslims, Hindus, Sikhs, Jains, and salutations with malice towards none. Bhagati Movement saints were in fact religious revolutionary and opposed all unreligious theories preached by Brahmin learned persons in the name of mysticism. The Brahmin policy framers to innocent seekers of God realization with sole moto of Eking out their livelihood and keep enslaved shudras. Baba Saheb was for socio-, political equality for all human and Kabir for socio-religious equality. Kabir has enormous literature in his name and Baba Sahib ‘s writing and Speeches are contained in about 22 volumes in English alone published by the Maharashtra Government besides in other languages. His personal library with 50,000 books was a world unmatched record. Baba Saheb had command on 64 subjects and he knew 9 languages (Hindi, Pali, Sanskrit, English, French, German, Marathi, Persian, and Gujarati).Kabir had no schooling but used words of variety of langages in his Bhajans. Renowned authors Karine and W.H. McLeod in their book “The Saints” published by Motilal Banarsidass has given following details of Kabir works in an easy by Linda Hess. 1. Guru Granth Sahib 226 (Padas) distributed in 16 Ragas. With 237 or 239 Salokas. 2. Panchvani 810 Sakhis in 59 sections or angas with384 pads. 3. Kabir Bijak has 84 Ramainis,115 Sabadas,353 sakhies , 34 miscellenious. Saints decried all Hindu and Muslim religion building blocks, which they found unrealistic for spirituality. A powerful tool in the hand of Pujaris and Mullas was salvation , fears to reach heaven (SAWARG) and to avoid hell (NARAK) . Saint Palto in his Kundlian proclaimed: - “Sant Na Chayen Mukat Ko,Nahi Patharath Char, nahi Patharath Char Mukat Santan Ki Cheri, Ridhi Sidhi Par Thukan,Sawarg Ki As Na Heri” Kabir Ji said (Adi Granth Panna 969-16 Kabir) Kavan Narak Kaya Saward Vichara ,Santan Dou Radhey Hum Kahu Ki Kann Na Kadtey,Apne Gur Parsadey Meaning: - Saints neither seek salvation, nor worldly wealth’s, as salvation is under their command, they spit (discard) on miracle powers and have no desire for heaven, terming these as misconceptions. Meaning: Saints decry both hell (Narak )and heaven (Sawarg), as they have attained heights or salvations beyond Sawarg or Narak with the grace of their Guru . To explain useless caste divide Kabir Said Jat Nahi Jagdish Ki, Hari-Jan Ki Kaha Hoi. Jat Pat Ke Kich Main Doub Maro Mat Koi”. ( Kabir Granthawali-359) Meaning; If the Creator “Jagdish” has no caste, how a person can have it. Let no one get drown in the caste mud and dirt differences’ so give no importance to castes. Jat Pat Puchhey na koi,Har ko Bhaje so Har Ka hoi While decrying bathing in designated water sources, performing human and animal sacrifices Kabir said (Adi Granth Panna 656) “ Kayya Manjis Koun Gunna, Jyon Ghat Bhitar Malna. Meaning :- bathing and washing of body has no spiritual Layoki Athsath Tirath Nayi Kayorapan Tyon na Jayi”.. use .It is like cleaning an empty earthen pot. If a bitter guard is made to wash in sixty eight holi water of designated rivers/tanks (Tiraths for Hindus),it does not lose its bitterness. The Maan or mind cannot be controlled by external means. Ajamedh, Gomedh Yag,Ashawmedh, Narmedh, Meaning:- Slaughtering animals like goats, cows, horses Kahey Kabir Adharam Ko Dharam Bataven Ved and men as oblation in religious sacrifices Kahey Kabir Adharam Ko Dharam Bataven Ved along with religious books including Vedas ( Kabir Shabdawali page 353) preach against true religious norms, so said Kabir). Saint Namdev sayth about falsehood for pretending bhagati means, “Sanp Kunj shorey, Vikh Na Tiyage,Udhak Mahin Jesse Baggu Dhain Mandey”. (Satgur Namdev panna 485) As a snake can off load old skin, but not the poison and a crane pretends to be engrossed in worship but as soon as it finds a fish, it pounces upon and swallows it. Similarly, a person engaged in worldly ills behaves as if a great worshiper of God but does not lose ego and continues to be hardhearted. Saints among whom over 90% were from Shudra casted disapproved the Brahminical methods of living on alms. Kabir Sahib Said, “I shall prefer to die than living on begging”. Guru Ravidas Said, “I always keep my mind absorbed in Lord’s worship and my hands remain engaged in earning for livelihood”. Dr. baba Saheb in his hard days worked very hard to support his family. His wife Mata Rambai joined hands to earn and support both family and her husband her Saheb. These saints used “RAM” for the name of supreme being. Guru Granth Sahib used 2533 times, in Kabir vani’s 381,Guru Ravidas Vani in SGGS-22,confusion was created by vested interests that the Saints worship “Ram” who was said to be son of Dashrath and Sita’ spouse. But is actual theses Saints were not worshiper of that Ram. Namdev said “Ram Japat Koi Naa Tariyo” (GGS1105). In his 22 comandments ( 22 Pritiyans). Baba Saheb pledged to not worship any Hindu deity. Kabir ji said to clarify “Ram Bhara Ki Ramhi Jaya “ Meaning Is Raja Ram greater or One, Who has given birth even to Raja Ram. Kabir Ji described not one but four Rams:- “ Ek Ram Dashrath Ka Beta,Ek Ram Ghat Ghat Main Leta,Ek Ram Ka Sagal Pasara,Ek Ram En Sab Se Niyara”. Or One Ram was King Dashrath’s Son, One Ram is Mann ( mind power) residing in all humans, One Ram is Kal ( Dharam Raj) who mages Triloki affairs and one Ram is above all other three, to whom he worships. Then in whom Kabir hath mystic faith, Kabir clarified in explaining “Kabir Ke Swami Esey Thakur, Ja Ke Mai Na Bap Re” i.e. He is beyond birth and death circle and so Immortal. These Saints said loudly that Creator is not approachable by wondering outside, observing celibacy, body decoration, fasting and reading Holy literature books. Explaining futilities of religious books and their reading for gaining spirituality Kabir Said “Ved Puran Parey Ka Kaya Gunn, Khar Candan jass Bhara” meaning reading Ved Puran are as useless for a mystic purpose as Sandalwood load pack on a pony , donkey. Baba Saheb Dr. Ambedkar in 1936, wrote, “The Hindu religion, as contained in the Vedas and the Smritis, is nothing but a mass of sacrificial, social, political and sanitary rules and regulations, all mixed up. What is called religion by the Hindus is nothing but a multitude of commands and prohibitions.” (The Economic Times Politics updated 24 Jan,2017) All realized body souls said “HIS abode is human body”. To find Him one has to seek guidance from a “Realized Soul”, called Guru, Peer, Murshid and concentrate within human body. EACH HUMAN FRAME IS HIS ABODE. Even apostle Paul called human body as “Temple of Living God” “Or do you not know that your body is a temple of the Holy Spirit within you” (1 Corinthians 6:19-20 (ESV). In spiritual terms, it often feels that we’re at war with our flesh. And, I’m not just talking about the battle of the bulge. Some religious and theological perspectives posit a stark dichotomy between the flesh and the spirit. God, however, proves once and for all that the flesh is not inherently bad or sinful by the incarnation of his Son. Jesus became flesh and dwelt among us (John 1:14). Buddha said, “Be thy own Light”. Baba Saheb followed this principle and strained his body in getting world’s highest academic degrees, so knowledge. His Alma Mater Columbia University compiled knowledge Bank of its students in last 100 years and found Baba Saheb topping the list Based on a global survey called "The Makers of the Universe" a list of top 100 humanist people of the last 10 thousand years was made by Oxford University, in which the fourth name was Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar. Kabir gave greatest message to fighting forces of evil and suppression for the safety and welfare of weak masses and even not worry from such a death by getting cut into pieces. He said “Soora So Pahchaniye,Jo Lare Dinn Ke Haith,Purja Purja Katt Marey Kabhun Naa Chhorey Khett.”.This also applies equally to the spiritual exercises to enter sub conscious state of human body. Dr. Baba Saheb Ambedkar lived and died for the upliftment of weak including women. Despite being world’s highest qualifies,held highest offices,but when died had a debt of Rupees ten thousands on his head. Hour of his children died in fancy due to unviability of medical care. Kabir left Banaras for Maghar his last days, died in poverty ridden conditions. Kabir had travelled far and wide to spread his message of love, devotion and stand by the oppressed. In India Kabir’s teaching is every household lore and have many followers. Unlike Brahmin and Muslim godmen who could not cross their religion boundaries. Hindu, Muslim,Sikhs seek guidance from the Kabir teaching. However, Kabir stressed more on Bhagati and so building moral values with an eye for spirituality and salvation. All his teaching was directed towards Mukti, rescue of soul from worldly bondage of 84,000 births and deaths cycle. His stress was to achieve targets of soul advancement as per Hindu shastras but with enhanced moral values by sticking living in the life circumstances as per one’s birth. His life approach seemed directed towards goals fixed by Brahmana Shastras with modified ways and means. He believed in present life fate good or miserable due to past karmas. So stressed to follow quality karmas for better fate in next birth to make life comfortable. This way he worked to improvement of means not smashing the system. Kabir could not challenge Brahminical curse of control over all worldly comforts. But Dr. Baba Saheb Ambedkar did not believe in karma theory. He said shudras life was made hell deliberately by acts of Brahmanas and not of any Godly acts. It was a Brahminical mischief to have moral, body, financial control on shudras for self-comforts, hiding under the carpet of God’s will. Brahmins claimed that all that is on the earth belongs to them by act of God and their service was supreme ,for human all on the earth, without query. Even Rajas had to acts as per commands of Brahmins. Brahmin’s word was rule, his actions had no appeals. He was judge, attorney, appeal police for others. Brahmin’s curse could spoil next birth comforts as self-claimed by them. Dr. Baba Saheb Ambedkar contested this as a deceit full act of Brahmins. Dr Baba Saheb snatched due rights of his people from Brahmins on the strength of his knowledge. He burnt the law book of inequality “Manusmiriti” and as Modern Manu gave Indian its Constitution based on Justice ,Liberty, Equality and Fraternity for all. Barriers of caste, sex, color, economies, place of birth were smashed. All those Laws which did not confirmed to Socialistic, Democratic, secular Republic Character of India were removed. Untouchability, the deadliest weapon of Brahmin was banned by act of Constitution. Practice of untouchability in any form was made non bailable and punishable act. State resources belonged to all Indians. Community welfares was the first charge to budgetary provisions. Everybody had to follow Constitutional Law in the country. None was above constitutional provisions. So, act of Dr. Baba Saheb Ambedkar completely changed the world for past time unprivileged persons. Slavery cage of lowly graded human by Brahmins was broken and all given equal share in Indian open sky. Words 3543 Dated 28th January,2022,